Important Government Schemes in India 2026: Ministry, Launch Year & Objectives

Important Government Schemes in India 2026: Government flagship welfare programmes and socio-economic schemes form the core of public administration, poverty alleviation, healthcare, rural infrastructure, financial inclusion, and sustainable development in India. For competitive examinations like UPSC Civil Services, SSC CGL/CHSL/MTS, State PCS, Banking (IBPS, SBI, RBI), and Railways, questions testing the nodal ministry, launch year, core objectives, beneficiary eligibility, and financial outlay of central schemes carry immense weight.

This article provides an authoritative, systematically categorized analysis of India’s most critical central government schemes active in 2026, incorporating recent policy expansions such as the Ayushman Bharat expansion to all senior citizens aged 70+, PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, PM Vishwakarma Scheme, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY-G and PMAY-U 2.0), and the restructured PM SVANidhi scheme.

Quick Facts: Conceptual Framework of Government Interventions

Term / Concept	Administrative Definition & Distinction
Central Sector Schemes (CS)	Funded 100% by the Central Government and implemented directly by the central machinery or designated agencies (e.g., PM-KISAN, PM Vishwakarma, PM SVANidhi, PM Ujjwala Yojana).
Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS)	Funded jointly by the Centre and State Governments on a pre-determined cost-sharing ratio (typically 60:40 for general states; 90:10 for Northeastern and Himalayan states; 100% for UTs without legislature) and implemented by State Governments (e.g., Jal Jeevan Mission, PMAY-G, PMAY-U 2.0, PM POSHAN, Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY).
Scheme vs. Mission	A Scheme is an ongoing targeted welfare or intervention program; a Mission is a time-bound, goal-driven national campaign characterized by dedicated mission directorates (e.g., Jal Jeevan Mission, National Health Mission).
Portal vs. Scheme	A Portal is an IT platform facilitating delivery, grievance redressal, or registration (e.g., e-Shram portal, GeM portal), whereas a scheme provides the substantive statutory or executive benefits.
Core of the Core Schemes	Six umbrella social justice schemes prioritized by the Government of India, including MGNREGA, National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), and umbrella schemes for SC/ST/OBC development.

Sector-Wise Classification & Key Ministries

Government schemes are designed to address strategic national priorities across multiple governance sectors:

Agriculture & Farmer Welfare: PM-KISAN, PM Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, e-NAM.
Health, Sanitation & Water Security: Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY (universal 70+ cover), Jal Jeevan Mission (Har Ghar Jal), Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0.
Housing & Urban Infrastructure: Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban 2.0 (PMAY-U 2.0), PM SVANidhi, PM-eBus Sewa, AMRUT 2.0.
Clean Energy & Renewable Transition: PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, PM-KUSUM, PM Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY).
Financial Inclusion & Entrepreneurship: PM Mudra Yojana (PMMY), Stand-Up India, PM Vishwakarma, PM SVANidhi.
Social Security & Food Entitlement: PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY), Atal Pension Yojana (APY), PMJJBY, PMSBY.
Women & Child Development: PM Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY – Mission Shakti), Mission Poshan 2.0, Mission Vatsalya.
Education & Skilling: PM POSHAN, PM SHRI Schools, Skill India Mission.

Comprehensive Master Directory of India’s Major Government Schemes

The table below provides a detailed exam-focused breakdown of the most critical central government schemes, their nodal ministries, launch years, type, key objectives, and financial parameters:

Scheme Name	Nodal Ministry / Department	Launch Year	Type	Key Objectives & Target Beneficiaries
PM-KISAN (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi)	Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare	2019	Central Sector	Direct income support of ₹6,000 per year transferred in 3 equal four-monthly installments of ₹2,000 directly into bank accounts of landholding farmer families via Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
Jal Jeevan Mission (Har Ghar Jal)	Ministry of Jal Shakti	2019	Centrally Sponsored	Providing functional household tap connections (FHTC) delivering potable water of prescribed quality (55 liters per capita per day) to every rural household.
Ayushman Bharat – PMJAY (Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana)	Ministry of Health and Family Welfare / NHA	2018	Centrally Sponsored	World’s largest publicly funded health insurance scheme providing health cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization to over 12 crore poor and vulnerable families. Expanded in 2024 to universally cover all senior citizens aged 70 and above with a distinct Ayushman Vay Vandana Card, regardless of income.
PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana	Ministry of New and Renewable Energy	2024	Central Sector	Providing up to 300 units of free electricity every month to 1 crore households by providing central financial subsidies (up to ₹78,000) for installing rooftop solar systems with an approved outlay of ₹75,021 crore.
PM Vishwakarma Scheme	Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)	2023	Central Sector	Holistic end-to-end support to traditional artisans and craftspeople across 18 traditional trades; includes recognition via Vishwakarma Certificate/ID card, basic/advanced skill training with daily stipend (₹500/day), modern toolkit incentive (₹15,000), and collateral-free enterprise credit up to ₹3 lakh (₹1 lakh in first tranche, ₹2 lakh in second tranche) at a concessional interest rate of 5%.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)	Ministry of Rural Development	2016	Centrally Sponsored	Providing all-weather pucca houses with basic amenities (piped water, toilet, electricity, LPG connection via convergence) to homeless rural households and those living in kutcha/dilapidated houses. Approved for continuation during 2024–2029 with a target to construct 2 crore additional rural houses.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban 2.0 (PMAY-U 2.0)	Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs	2024 (PMAY-U 1.0: 2015)	Centrally Sponsored	Addressing the affordable housing requirements of 1 crore urban poor and middle-class families over a 5-year period (2024–2029) through central government assistance of ₹2.30 lakh crore across four verticals: Beneficiary-Led Construction (BLC), Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP), Affordable Rental Housing (ARH), and Interest Subsidy Scheme (ISS).
PMGKAY (Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana)	Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution	2020	Central Sector	Providing 5 kg of food grains per person per month free of cost to Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and Priority Households (PHH) under the National Food Security Act (NFSA). Extended for 5 years from 1 January 2024 to 31 December 2028 covering over 81.35 crore beneficiaries.
Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY / Ujjwala 2.0)	Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas	2016	Central Sector	Providing deposit-free LPG connections to adult women belonging to poor households to safeguard health against hazardous indoor biomass cooking fuels. Ujjwala 2.0 provides first refill and hotplate free of cost, alongside targeted cylinder subsidies.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)	Ministry of Finance / DFS	2015	Central Sector	Refinance collateral-free loans to micro-enterprises and non-corporate small businesses under four categories: Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishore (₹50,000 to ₹5 lakh), Tarun (₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh), and Tarun Plus (enhanced up to ₹20 lakh in Budget 2024 for entrepreneurs who have successfully repaid previous Tarun loans).
PM SVANidhi (PM Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi)	Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs	2020	Central Sector	Restructured collateral-free working capital micro-credit for urban street vendors: 1st tranche up to ₹15,000, 2nd tranche up to ₹25,000, and 3rd tranche up to ₹50,000 with a 7% interest subsidy on timely repayment. The lending period has been extended up to 31 March 2030, and a UPI-linked RuPay Credit Card facility has been introduced for street vendors with a proven digital repayment record to ensure immediate access to revolving credit.
PM-eBus Sewa	Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs	2023	Centrally Sponsored	Approved scheme to deploy 10,000 electric buses on a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model across eligible cities with populations between 3 lakh and 40 lakh (including all capital cities of Union Territories, the North-Eastern Region, and Hill States), supported by central assistance for bus operations and green urban mobility infrastructure for 10 years.
Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)	Ministry of Women and Child Development	2017	Centrally Sponsored	Maternity benefit cash incentive of ₹5,000 in two installments for the first living child, and an incentive of ₹6,000 for the second child if a girl, to compensate wage loss, promote health-seeking behavior, and encourage institutional delivery (implemented under Mission Shakti – Samarthya sub-scheme).
PM POSHAN (Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman)	Ministry of Education	2021 (MDM: 1995)	Centrally Sponsored	Providing one hot cooked meal per day to children studying in Classes I to VIII in government and government-aided schools; extended to pre-primary students (Balvatika) to address childhood malnutrition and boost school attendance.
PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan)	Ministry of New and Renewable Energy	2019	Centrally Sponsored	De-dieselisation and solarisation of the agricultural sector; comprises Component A (10,000 MW grid-connected decentralized solar power plants on barren land), Component B (installation of standalone solar agriculture pumps), and Component C (solarisation of existing grid-connected agriculture pumps).
PM Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)	Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare	2016	Centrally Sponsored	Comprehensive crop insurance against non-preventable natural risks (yield loss, localized calamities, post-harvest losses). Uniform maximum premium paid by farmers: 2.0% for Kharif crops, 1.5% for Rabi food and oilseed crops, and 5.0% for annual commercial/horticultural crops.
Atal Pension Yojana (APY)	Ministry of Finance / PFRDA	2015	Central Sector	Guaranteed monthly pension of ₹1,000, ₹2,000, ₹3,000, ₹4,000, or ₹5,000 after attaining age 60 for unorganized sector workers joining between age 18 and 40. Income taxpayers have been excluded from enrolling since October 2022.
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)	Ministry of Finance / DFS	2014	Central Sector	National Mission on Financial Inclusion providing universal banking access with zero minimum balance, RuPay debit card with inbuilt accidental insurance (₹2 lakh), and overdraft facility up to ₹10,000.
PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan	Ministry of Commerce and Industry / DPIIT	2021	Central Master Plan	Digital platform integrating 16 ministries to coordinate multi-modal connectivity infrastructure projects (highways, railways, ports, airports, inland waterways) to reduce logistics costs, optimize multi-modal freight transport, and eliminate departmental silos.
Stand-Up India Scheme	Ministry of Finance / SIDBI	2016	Central Sector	Facilitates bank loans between ₹10 lakh and ₹1 crore to at least one Scheduled Caste (SC) or Scheduled Tribe (ST) borrower and at least one woman borrower per bank branch for setting up greenfield enterprises in manufacturing, services, or trading.
PM MITRA (Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel)	Ministry of Textiles	2021	Centrally Sponsored	Setting up 7 world-class integrated textile parks across 7 states (Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra) inspired by the 5F vision (Farm to Fiber to Factory to Fashion to Foreign).

Recent Policy Modifications & High-Yield Exam Updates (2024–2026)

Universal Ayushman Bharat for Seniors 70+ (September 2024): The Union Cabinet approved universal health coverage of ₹5 lakh per year to all senior citizens aged 70 years and above, irrespective of income or socio-economic background, under Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY. Eligible seniors receive a dedicated Ayushman Vay Vandana Card.
PMAY 2.0 & PMAY-Gramin Approvals (2024–2029): The Union Cabinet sanctioned government assistance for 3 crore additional houses:
- PMAY-Gramin: 2 crore additional rural houses approved for construction during 2024–2029 under the Ministry of Rural Development.
- PMAY-Urban 2.0: 1 crore urban poor and middle-class families targeted over 5 years (2024–2029) under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs with central assistance of ₹2.30 lakh crore.
Restructured PM SVANidhi Scheme (Extended to 2030): The Union Government restructured the micro-credit scheme for street vendors:
- First tranche enhanced up to ₹15,000 (from ₹10,000).
- Second tranche enhanced up to ₹25,000 (from ₹20,000).
- Third tranche remains up to ₹50,000.
- Lending period extended until 31 March 2030.
- Introduction of a UPI-linked RuPay Credit Card for street vendors demonstrating digital repayment discipline, ensuring immediate access to revolving credit.
PMMY Mudra Limit Enhanced (Budget 2024): Loan ceiling under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana increased from ₹10 lakh to ₹20 lakh under the new category Tarun Plus for entrepreneurs who have successfully repaid previous Tarun loans.
Extension of PMGKAY: Free food grain distribution of 5 kg per beneficiary per month under PMGKAY was extended for five years until 31 December 2028.
PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana (February 2024): Approved with an outlay of ₹75,021 crore to provide up to 300 units of free power per month to 1 crore households via rooftop solar panels.
Approved Target of PM-eBus Sewa: Approved scheme to deploy 10,000 electric buses on a PPP model across eligible urban centers with a 10-year operational support window.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: What is the financial benefit provided to farmers under the PM-KISAN scheme?

Under PM-KISAN, eligible landholding farmer families receive ₹6,000 per year in three equal installments of ₹2,000 every four months directly into their Aadhaar-linked bank accounts via DBT.

Q2: What is the maximum insurance cover provided under Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY?

Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY provides health insurance coverage of up to ₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization across empanelled public and private hospitals.

Q3: What was the major expansion in Ayushman Bharat approved in 2024?

In September 2024, the Union Cabinet expanded PM-JAY to provide universal health coverage of ₹5 lakh annually to all senior citizens aged 70 and above, irrespective of their income or economic status, under the Ayushman Vay Vandana Card.

Q4: How are PMAY-Gramin and PMAY-Urban 2.0 structured under the 2024 Cabinet approvals?

Under the approved housing expansion, 3 crore additional houses are targeted: 2 crore additional rural houses under PMAY-Gramin (administered by the Ministry of Rural Development for 2024–2029) and 1 crore houses for urban poor and middle-class families under PMAY-Urban 2.0 (administered by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs with ₹2.30 lakh crore central assistance).

Q5: How many traditional trades are covered under the PM Vishwakarma scheme?

The PM Vishwakarma scheme covers 18 traditional artisan and craft trades, including carpenters, blacksmiths, potters, sculptors, cobblers, tailors, and boat makers.

Q6: What are the loan tranches and new features under the restructured PM SVANidhi scheme?

Under the restructured PM SVANidhi scheme, collateral-free working capital loans are disbursed in three tranches: 1st tranche up to ₹15,000, 2nd tranche up to ₹25,000, and 3rd tranche up to ₹50,000, with a 7% interest subsidy on timely repayment. The lending period has been extended to 31 March 2030, and an innovative UPI-linked RuPay Credit Card facility has been introduced for street vendors with a proven digital repayment record.

Q7: What is the premium rate for farmers under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)?

Farmers pay a maximum uniform premium of 2.0% for Kharif crops, 1.5% for Rabi food and oilseed crops, and 5.0% for annual commercial and horticultural crops.

Q8: What is the age eligibility to join the Atal Pension Yojana (APY)?

Any Indian citizen between the ages of 18 and 40 years with a savings bank account can join the Atal Pension Yojana. Income taxpayers have been excluded from enrolling since October 2022.

Q9: Under which ministry does the Jal Jeevan Mission operate, and what is its supply norm?

Jal Jeevan Mission operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, targeting supply of 55 liters per capita per day (lpcd) of potable piped water to every rural household.

Q10: What is the difference between Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored schemes?

Central Sector Schemes are funded 100% and directly implemented by the Central Government (e.g., PM-KISAN, PM SVANidhi). Centrally Sponsored Schemes have cost-sharing between the Centre and States (e.g., 60:40 or 90:10) and are executed by State Governments (e.g., Jal Jeevan Mission, PMAY-G, PMAY-U 2.0).

15 Exam-Oriented Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1. Under the PM-KISAN scheme, what is the annual financial support provided to eligible farmer families?
A. ₹4,000 in two installments
B. ₹6,000 in three installments
C. ₹8,000 in four installments
D. ₹10,000 in two installments
Answer: B. ₹6,000 in three installments
Explanation: Under PM-KISAN, ₹6,000 per year is disbursed in three equal installments of ₹2,000 every four months directly into bank accounts via DBT.

Q2. What is the annual health coverage per family provided under Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY?
A. ₹2 lakh
B. ₹3 lakh
C. ₹5 lakh
D. ₹10 lakh
Answer: C. ₹5 lakh
Explanation: Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY provides cashless secondary and tertiary hospitalization cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year.

Q3. Which ministry is the nodal authority for implementing the PM Vishwakarma scheme?
A. Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
B. Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
C. Ministry of Commerce and Industry
D. Ministry of Rural Development
Answer: B. Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)
Explanation: The Ministry of MSME is the nodal ministry for PM Vishwakarma, working in coordination with MoSDE and the Department of Financial Services.

Q4. In Union Budget 2024, the loan limit under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana for the Tarun category was increased to:
A. ₹12 lakh
B. ₹15 lakh
C. ₹20 lakh
D. ₹25 lakh
Answer: C. ₹20 lakh
Explanation: The Mudra loan ceiling was raised to ₹20 lakh under the new ‘Tarun Plus’ category for entrepreneurs who have repaid past loans under Tarun.

Q5. How many units of free electricity per month are targeted under the ‘PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana’?
A. 150 units
B. 200 units
C. 250 units
D. 300 units
Answer: D. 300 units
Explanation: Launched in February 2024, the PM Surya Ghar scheme aims to provide up to 300 units of free electricity monthly to 1 crore households.

Q6. What is the target supply norm of potable water per person per day under the Jal Jeevan Mission?
A. 40 liters
B. 55 liters
C. 70 liters
D. 100 liters
Answer: B. 55 liters
Explanation: The Jal Jeevan Mission mandates providing 55 liters per capita per day (lpcd) of safe drinking water through functional household tap connections.

Q7. Under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), what is the maximum premium payable by farmers for food and oilseed Rabi crops?
A. 1.0%
B. 1.5%
C. 2.0%
D. 5.0%
Answer: B. 1.5%
Explanation: The uniform premium rate payable by farmers under PMFBY is 1.5% for Rabi crops, 2.0% for Kharif crops, and 5.0% for commercial/horticultural crops.

Q8. The PM-eBus Sewa scheme aims to introduce how many electric buses across selected Indian cities on a PPP model?
A. 5,000
B. 10,000
C. 15,000
D. 20,000
Answer: B. 10,000
Explanation: PM-eBus Sewa was approved by the Union Cabinet to roll out 10,000 electric buses across eligible cities with a population of 3 to 40 lakh on a PPP model.

Q9. What is the maximum age limit to enroll as a subscriber under the Atal Pension Yojana (APY)?
A. 35 years
B. 40 years
C. 50 years
D. 60 years
Answer: B. 40 years
Explanation: The entry age for Atal Pension Yojana is between 18 and 40 years, with guaranteed pension benefits commencing at 60 years of age.

Q10. Under the 2024 Cabinet approvals for housing, what are the targets set for PMAY-Gramin and PMAY-Urban 2.0 respectively?
A. 1 crore rural houses and 1 crore urban houses
B. 2 crore additional rural houses (2024–2029) and 1 crore urban families (PMAY-U 2.0)
C. 3 crore rural houses and 50 lakh urban houses
D. 1.5 crore rural houses and 1.5 crore urban houses
Answer: B. 2 crore additional rural houses (2024–2029) and 1 crore urban families (PMAY-U 2.0)
Explanation: The Union Cabinet in 2024 approved government assistance for constructing 2 crore additional houses under PMAY-Gramin (Ministry of Rural Development) for 2024–2029, and sanctioned PMAY-Urban 2.0 (Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs) to provide affordable housing to 1 crore urban poor and middle-class families.

Q11. Under the restructured PM SVANidhi scheme, what are the maximum loan limits for the first and second tranches, and until which date has the lending period been extended?
A. ₹10,000 and ₹20,000; extended to 31 December 2026
B. ₹15,000 and ₹25,000; extended to 31 March 2030
C. ₹15,000 and ₹30,000; extended to 31 March 2028
D. ₹20,000 and ₹40,000; extended to 31 December 2029
Answer: B. ₹15,000 and ₹25,000; extended to 31 March 2030
Explanation: Under the restructured PM SVANidhi scheme, the first tranche working capital loan is enhanced up to ₹15,000, the second tranche up to ₹25,000, and the third tranche remains up to ₹50,000. The scheme’s lending period has been extended to 31 March 2030, along with the introduction of UPI-linked RuPay Credit Cards for eligible beneficiaries.

Q12. What is the total food grain entitlement per beneficiary per month provided free under the extended PMGKAY until 2028?
A. 3 kg
B. 5 kg
C. 7 kg
D. 10 kg
Answer: B. 5 kg
Explanation: Under PMGKAY, 5 kg of food grains per person per month are provided free of cost to eligible NFSA beneficiaries.

Q13. Stand-Up India scheme mandates scheduled commercial banks to facilitate loans to which category of borrowers per branch?
A. Only small and marginal farmers
B. At least one SC/ST borrower and at least one woman borrower
C. Only rural youth under 30 years
D. Only registered cooperative societies
Answer: B. At least one SC/ST borrower and at least one woman borrower
Explanation: Stand-Up India facilitates bank loans between ₹10 lakh and ₹1 crore to at least one SC/ST borrower and at least one woman borrower per branch for greenfield enterprises.

Q14. In September 2024, the Union Cabinet expanded Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY to universally cover which demographic group?
A. All children under 5 years
B. All pregnant and lactating mothers
C. All senior citizens aged 70 years and above
D. All persons with benchmark disabilities
Answer: C. All senior citizens aged 70 years and above
Explanation: The Union Cabinet approved universal health insurance coverage under PM-JAY for all senior citizens aged 70 and above, regardless of income, through the Ayushman Vay Vandana Card.

Q15. Under the PM MITRA scheme, how many Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel Parks are being established?
A. 5
B. 7
C. 10
D. 12
Answer: B. 7
Explanation: The PM MITRA scheme is establishing 7 large-scale integrated textile parks across 7 states to create an integrated domestic textile value chain.

Quick Revision Summary for Competitive Exams

PM-KISAN: ₹6,000/year (3 installments of ₹2,000); Ministry of Agriculture; Central Sector.
Jal Jeevan Mission: 55 lpcd tap water to every rural home; Ministry of Jal Shakti; Centrally Sponsored.
Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY: ₹5 lakh cover/family/year; expanded in 2024 to universally cover all senior citizens aged 70+; Centrally Sponsored.
PM Surya Ghar: Up to 300 units free power; 1 crore households; ₹75,021 crore outlay; Ministry of New & Renewable Energy; Central Sector.
PM Vishwakarma: 18 traditional trades; ₹15,000 toolkit; up to ₹3 lakh credit at 5%; Ministry of MSME; Central Sector.
PMAY-G (Rural): 2 crore additional rural houses approved for 2024–2029; Ministry of Rural Development; Centrally Sponsored.
PMAY-U 2.0 (Urban): 1 crore urban poor and middle-class families targeted (2024–2029) with ₹2.30 lakh crore assistance; Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs; Centrally Sponsored.
PM SVANidhi: Working capital loans in 3 tranches: ₹15,000 / ₹25,000 / ₹50,000; lending period extended to 31 March 2030; UPI-linked RuPay Credit Card facility; Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs; Central Sector.
PM-eBus Sewa: 10,000 electric buses on PPP model across eligible cities; 10 years operational support; Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs; Centrally Sponsored.
PM Mudra Yojana: Shishu (≤₹50k), Kishore (₹50k–₹5L), Tarun (₹5L–₹10L), Tarun Plus (up to ₹20L in 2024); Ministry of Finance; Central Sector.
PMGKAY: 5 kg free food grains/person/month extended to 31 December 2028; Ministry of Consumer Affairs; Central Sector.
PMFBY: 1.5% Rabi, 2% Kharif, 5% Commercial/Horticultural crops; Ministry of Agriculture; Centrally Sponsored.
APY: Guaranteed pension ₹1,000–₹5,000 at age 60; entry age 18–40 years; Ministry of Finance; Central Sector.

Conclusion

Government schemes represent India’s constitutional vision of a welfare state. For aspirants in competitive examinations, remembering the nodal ministries, funding architectures (Central Sector vs. Centrally Sponsored), financial criteria, and recent 2024–2026 expansions (such as PM SVANidhi tranche enhancements, PMAY-G vs PMAY-U 2.0 targets, and universal Ayushman Bharat for seniors 70+) is vital for scoring top marks in General Awareness, Governance, and Public Policy sections.